Carbinol

Methanol was first produced by wood distillation, so methanol is also called wood alcohol, and the use of this method was gradually discontinued after 1920. Almost all methanol is produced by catalytic conversion of synthesis gas - carbon monoxide and hydrogen, i.e
CO+2 -- ZnO/Cr2O3,400℃, 20 ~ 30MPa -- >CH3OHΔH=-92KJ/mol
In the past 20 years, activated copper oxide as a catalyst can be reacted at 250℃, 5 ~ 10MPa conditions, which is more economical than the above conditions.
Fractional distillation of methanol from water, the purity can reach about 99%, to remove nearly 1% of the water, can add an appropriate amount of magnesium, methanol and magnesium reaction, to produce magnesium methanol, it reacts with water to produce insoluble magnesium oxide and methanol, by distillation anhydrous methanol (more than 99.9%).
At present, synthesis is the most important method to prepare methanol.
High pressure method is the earliest and most widely used industrial methanol synthesis technology. High pressure process refers to the process of synthesizing methanol at 300~400℃, 30~35MPa under high temperature and high pressure using zinc-chromium catalyst. [1] Raw materials are coal, water and air, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are obtained in the reaction of water gas, and can be used to synthesize methanol after dust removal, desulfurization, transformation and washing. The catalyst ZnO, chromium trioxide, 300 ~ 400℃, 200 ~ 300 atmospheric pressure, the equilibrium methanol vapor content of 10%, after cooling, separation, crude methanol into the storage tank, hydrogen and carbon monoxide can continue to recycle. The purity of crude methanol is 80 ~ 93%, the main impurities are water, ethanol, dimethyl ether, isobutanol, and the purity can reach 99% after refining.
Low pressure method. ICl low pressure method, Lurgi low pressure method; The low pressure method has the economic advantage of low cost, and the reaction temperature is also reduced by using active copper catalyst.
At present, the raw materials for the production of methyl yeast have gradually shifted to oil and natural gas on a large scale, and the chemical network can mix methane and oxygen at a volume ratio of 9:1 in the natural gas producing area, and react to produce methanol through copper pipes under the conditions of 200 ° C and 100 atmospheres.