Systematic Nomenclature Of Alkanes

Aug 07, 2023 Leave a message

The systematic naming of alkanes and other organic compounds adopts the "Organic Compound Naming Principles 2017" recently released by the Chinese Chemical Society, which is fully in line with the international general IUPAC naming principles, and basically conforms to the characteristics of Chinese language.
(1) Naming of straight-chain alkanes
The number of carbon atoms is named by adding the word "alkyl" after the base word
(2) Naming of branched alkane
(1) The selection of the main chain: the general branched alkane, if there is no choice, should be the longest carbon chain as the main chain. When a branched alkane has multiple carbon chains of the same length, the carbon chain with the largest number of side chains should be selected as the main chain.
(2) The rank number of the alkane: the main chain of the alkane is numbered from one end to the other end, and the rank is 1,2,3,... Indicates. When there are several numbering possibilities, the number that gives the substituent the "lowest series" should be chosen. The so-called "lowest series" means that the main chain is numbered in different directions, and two or more different serial numbers are obtained, and the different positions of the series are compared successively, and the one with the lowest position encountered first is defined as the "lowest series". When different substituents have the same number, the smaller number of the substituents should be given in alphabetical order according to the English name of the substituents.
(3) Determine the name of the alkane: the name of the main chain as the main name, plus the name of the branch chain or substituent and the position of the main chain as the prefix to name. When naming, add half a word line "-" between the place symbol and the name, and add "bit" words when reading, such as a bit, two, etc. The same branch chain or substituent is represented by the corresponding multiple (that is, radix) words two, three, and four, separated by a comma ", "with the same principle of merging.